In recent years, growing awareness of environmental issues such as protection of biodiversity and threats to local plant species (for example due to urban development) has led to increased interest in growing more native plant species.
The term “native plant” broadly refers to plants that naturally grow locally to a specific region
and thrive in that particular climate. Non-native plants include those that have been introduced to the region through human intervention, while a “navitar” is a hybrid derived from a native plant.
Species of native plants vary depending on the regional climate. For example, Washington native plants for landscaping might include mountain plants, cascades and coastal plants, such as salal or western red alder – while in more arid areas like Nevada, plants like sagebrush and pinyon pine are more common.
Benefits of Native Plants
Native plants can offer a number of benefits to your garden and the local ecosystem, helping to create a beautiful garden while promoting biodiversity, which can have far-reaching benefits elsewhere. For example, encouraging bee populations promotes pollination, which in turn is essential for human food sources.
For Your Garden:
- Less upkeep when compared to intensively-cultivated non-native plants
- Hardy and resilient against local climate conditions
- Great if you want a wilder, more natural look to your garden
- Can be more affordable and require less expense in terms of plant care.
For the Environment:
- Wide range of floral colors from highly-saturated bold hues to more delicate pastels
- Attract pollinators such as butterflies and bees, which are essential for biodiversity.
- Help to build habitats through offering food sources to local wildlife such as plant seeds.
- Require less fuel to be transported since they already grow locally.
- Better carbon absorption compared to non-native plants.
Another surprising benefit of native plants lies in their roots. Deep root systems which can help to stabilize soil, capture water runoff and prevent flooding. Plants such as native ferns and grasses are especially good for this.
Where to Source Native Plants
If you are looking to purchase some native plants for your own garden, check out your local social media and event calendars to see what’s on. Local nurseries, plant sales, swaps and other gardening related events in your area are all useful resources.
Some non-native plants can have unfair advantages over local varieties, making them “invasive species” that can pose a potential threat to native plants and wildlife. To prevent this from happening, always do your research before buying plants and if in any doubt seek advice from your local plant nursery.
When and Where to Plant
The best time to plant is typically fall or spring, depending on the varieties you are planning to grow and whether you are growing them from seeds or from seedlings (or nursery “starts”). For spring seedlings, wait until the last day of frost (unless other instructions are given). In fall, aim to plant at least four to six weeks before the first frost.
Native seeds can be planted in fall or spring; however those typically grown in cold regions may require cold stratification, which can be achieved by planting outside after the first frost, planting in your fridge in spring, or even in milk jugs when planting indoors. Otherwise, native plants thrive best in the conditions most suited to them, whether that’s damp soil or drier environments.
Endnote
Choosing native plants is not just a gardening decision—it’s a commitment to preserving biodiversity, supporting local wildlife, and contributing to a healthier environment. By incorporating native species into your garden, you become part of a larger effort to protect and celebrate the natural beauty of your region.
