The basement is an untapped resource of the home, which, if maintained correctly, can be converted into a living room, home office, playing area, or entertainment room. While the possibilities are endless, basements are often ignored until they start to develop moisture issues. Such damage can lead to mold, musty odors, and water stains, and, if not treated on time, can affect the air quality and even the structural integrity of the home.
Water intrusion in the basement poses safety risks for residents and threatens the structural integrity of a home. Homeowners should be aware of the source of the problem, preventive measures, and remediation methods to protect the basement from damage. This blog discusses practical and proven basement waterproofing techniques for homeowners to safeguard their property. Follow these tips to ensure the safety of the basement and your home’s health and stability.
Understanding the Source and Symptoms of Water Intrusion
A basement is under pressure from various elements, such as soil, water, and extreme weather conditions. The most common cause of water intrusion is hydrostatic pressure, when groundwater builds up around the foundation, exerting pressure on the basement and causing cracks and leaks. Similarly, surface water pooling around the home due to poor grading gradually seeps into the basement.
Persistent plumbing leaks, overflowing gutters, and heavy rainfall also cause water to pool and seep into the basement. By understanding the different sources of water intrusion, you can select the appropriate waterproofing technique for your basement. Homes in storm or flooding-prone areas should be inspected regularly to address issues at an early stage. Identifying the cause of the issue is a more effective and durable solution than just addressing the symptoms of damage.
Your basement requires immediate repairs and waterproofing solutions if you notice the following symptoms of water intrusion:
- Mold
- Musty odors
- Efflorescence
- Visible water
- Cracks
- High humidity
Interior Waterproofing Techniques
Interior waterproofing techniques include non-invasive, quick, and easy solutions to provide immediate protection from water.
Sealants and Waterproof Coatings
Minor cracks in the basement walls and floors can be sealed with epoxy injections. Epoxy fills the cracks and bonds tightly with concrete to prevent future water intrusion. Similarly, waterproof paint is also an easy way to coat the interior basement walls. It is perfect for concrete and masonry surfaces to prevent minor seepage through hairline cracks and pinhole-sized holes. While waterproof coatings and sealants are quick and cost-effective fixes, they do not provide long-term protection from significant hydrostatic pressure.
Interior Drainage Systems
Interior drainage systems are cost-effective and efficient solutions for serious water issues. They can be installed without invasive excavations and are also easier to maintain. A sump pump system includes an electric water pump that collects water in a sump pit and diverts it away from the basement. It is complemented by a drain tile system, which includes installing perforated pipes along the perimeter to collect water and divert it to the sump pit. Together, they ensure water is diverted from your home before seeping into the basement. Installing sump pumps with battery backups and water-powered systems is effective even during power outages in extreme weather conditions.
Dehumidifiers and Moisture Control
A sealed and drained basement can still have humidity issues. Humidity is the major cause of basement issues like mold, musty odors, and poor air quality. Using a dehumidifier helps to keep the basement clean and dry. Select the size of the dehumidifier appropriate for your basement’s area and place it centrally for even coverage. Dehumidifiers are a special requirement for homes in humid areas or when the basement feels damp throughout the year.
Exterior Waterproofing Techniques
Exterior waterproofing provides more comprehensive protection by stopping water before it reaches the foundation walls. These techniques require more investment and excavation but provide more durable results.
Waterproofing Membranes
At first, the area around the foundation is excavated, and then a waterproofing membrane is applied to the foundation walls along with a drainage board. A waterproofing membrane is a thick, seamless, and flexible membrane applied to the exterior basement walls to prevent water intrusion. This technique requires time, effort, and money, but provides long-term protection to basements, especially those with severe or recurring leaks.
Drainage System Improvements
Proper drainage of water is essential to ensure the basement’s health. A crucial method to protect the basement is the installation of French drains along the exterior perimeter of the basement. They collect the water outside the foundation and prevent its penetration into the basement.
The gutters from the roof should be properly maintained, and the downspouts should be extended to divert the water further away from the basement. Another solution is to ensure that the ground is graded properly and slopes away from the home so that water naturally flows away. These improvements have a high initial cost but provide highly effective, long-term results.
Foundation Crack Repair
Foundation cracks, if ignored for too long, turn into leaks and affect the structural integrity of the entire house. Structural cracks are indicators of foundation movement or damage, whereas non-structural cracks are cosmetic issues. Non-structural cracks can be effectively sealed with polyurethane and epoxy injections. They fill the cracks and expand as they cure, creating a waterproof seal and reinforcing the surrounding concrete.
Structural cracks require inspection by professionals and careful repairs. They can be safety hazards and also cause stability issues. Inspect the basement regularly and address cracks of any size immediately to prevent extensive damage and expensive repairs in the future.
Maintenance Tips for Preventing Water Intrusion
Even with the best waterproofing solutions, your home will need regular maintenance to prevent water intrusion. Follow these tips to prevent water issues in the basement and other parts of the home.
- Clogged gutters tend to overflow and dump water near the foundation. Keep the gutters clean and clear of debris to ensure proper drainage of rainwater. Inspect them regularly and fix any cracks or damage.
- Inspect the foundation regularly to identify any cracks or water intrusion. Schedule a professional inspection immediately after heavy rainfall, storms, or flooding. It helps to identify structural issues early and prevent them from getting serious and affecting the home’s structural integrity.
- Proper landscaping also protects the basement from water issues. Create slopes that drain water away from the home naturally. Also, avoid placing structures and plants near the basement that cause water pooling.
When to Call a Professional
Homeowners can handle easy preventive measures like regular inspections and maintaining gutters, window wells, and dehumidifiers. However, more critical issues require the experience and expertise of professional services.
Professionals have the expertise to identify basement and structural issues in their initial stages. They take preventive measures to ensure such issues do not get bigger and affect your entire home. If you persistently find leaks, mold, or other signs of structural damage, you should contact professionals immediately.
While selecting a contractor, make sure they have the required license, permits, and insurance. Certified contractors have the knowledge and experience to identify hidden issues and recommend long-lasting solutions. Contact professionals when you notice signs of water damage, as it can save you time, money, and the hassles of extensive damage in the long run.
Protect Your Basement
Basement waterproofing is a project that enhances your home’s safety, health, and market value. Homeowners should be proactive and take measures to prevent water intrusion rather than address severe structural issues in the future. Identifying the source of the problem and selecting the appropriate interior and exterior waterproofing techniques, like sump pump installation, French drains, dehumidifiers, and crack repairs, helps prevent and manage water intrusion in the basement. Find a reputable basement waterproofing contractor to keep your basement dry and protect your home.
